Kerosene / JP54 / D2 / D6 / A1

Description

	TEST METHOD
PROPERTY	LIMITS	IP	ASTM	REMARKS
appearance
visual appearance	clear, bright and visually free from solid matter and un-dissolved water at ambient fuel temperature
colour	report		d 156 or d 6045	see note 1
particulate contamination mg/l	max 1.0	423	d 5452	see note 2
particulate, cumulative channel particle counts, iso code & individual channel counts		564 or 565 or 577		see note 3
≥ 4 μm(c)	report
≥ 6 μm(c)	report
≥ 14 μm(c)	report
≥ 21 μm(c)	report
≥ 25 μm(c)	report
≥ 30 μm(c)	report
composition
total acidity, mg koh/g	max 0.015	354	d 3242	see note 4
aromatics, % v/v.	max 25.0	156	d 1319
or total aromatics, % v/v	max 26.5	436	d 6379	see note 5
sulphur, total, % m/m	max 0.30	336	d 1266 or d 2622 or d 4294 or d 5453
sulphur, mercaptan, % m/m	max 0.0030	342	d 3227
or doctor test	negative	30	d 4952	see note 6
refinery components at point of manufacture:				see note 7
non hydroprocessed components, %v/v	report (incl. ‘nil’ or ‘100%’)
mildly hydroprocessed components, % v/v	report (incl. ‘nil’ or ‘100%’)
severely hydroprocessed components, % v/v	report (incl. ‘nil’ or ‘100%’)
synthetic components, %v/v	report (incl. ‘nil’ or ‘50%’)			see note 4 for limits for synthetic components
incidental materials
fatty acid methyl ester (fame), mg/kg	max 50	585 or 583 or 590 or 599	astm d7797	see notes 8, 9 and 10
volatility
distillation		123	d86	or d7345., see note 11
initial boiling point, ºc	report
fuel recovered				see note 11
10% v/v at ºc	max 205.0			or ip 406 or d 2887
50% v/v at ºc	report			see note 12
90% v/v at ºc	report
end point, ºc	max 300.0
residue, % v/v	max 1.5
loss, % v/v	max 1.5
flash point, ºc	min 38.0	170 or 523	d 56 or d 3828
density at 15ºc, kg/m³	775.0 min to 840.0 max	160 or 365	d 1298 or d 4052	see note 13
fluidity
freezing point, ºc	max -47.0	16 or 435 or 528 or 529	d 5972 or d 7153 or d 7154	see note 14
viscosity at -20ºc, mm2/s(cst)	max 8.000	71	d 445	or d7042, see note 15
combustion
specific energy, net, mj/kg	min 42.80	12 or 355	d 3338 or d 4809	see note 16
smoke point, mm	min 25.0	598	d 1322	see note 17
or
smoke point, mm	min 18.0	598	d 1322	see note 17
and naphthalenes, % vol	max 3.00		d 1840
corrosion
corrosion, copper strip, classification (2 hours +/- 5 min. at 100 ºc +/- 1ºc)	max 1	154	d 130
stability
thermal stability (jftot)		323	d 3241	see note 18
control temperature, ºc	min 260	323	d 3241	see note 18
filter pressure differential, mm hg	max 25
one of the following requirements shall be met:
(1) annex b vtr	less than 3, no ‘peacock’ or ‘abnormal’ colour deposits
(2) annex c itr or annex d etr, average over area of 2.5mm²	max 85
contaminants
existent gum, mg/100ml	max 7	540	d 381
microseparometer (msep), rating
fuel with static dissipator additive	min 70		d 3948	see note 19
or
fuel without static dissipator additive	min 85
conductivity
electrical conductivity, ps/m	50 min to 600 max	274	d 2624	see note 20
lubricity
bocle wear scar diameter, mm	max 0.85		d 5001	see note 21
additives (names and approval code from def stan 91-091/9 should be quoted on quality certificates).
antioxidant, mg/l (in final batch	max 24.0			see note 22
in hydroprocessed & synth. fuels (mandatory)	min 17.0			see note 23
in non-hydroprocessed fuels (optional)	ma 24.0			see note 24
metal deactivator, mg/l (optional) *
first doping	max 2.0
cumulative concentration after field re-doping	max 5.7
static dissipator, mg/l*
first doping	max 3.0
cumulative concentration after field re-doping	max 5.0